James Madison - Revision history

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	'''James Madison Jr.''' (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836) was the 4th president of the United States (1809–1817), principal architect of the U.S. Constitution, and driving force behind the Bill of Rights. A close ally of [[Thomas Jefferson]], he helped found the Democratic-Republican Party and later led the nation through the War of 1812.		'''James Madison Jr.''' (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836) was the '''4th president of the United States''' (1809–1817), principal architect of the '''U.S. Constitution''', and driving force behind the '''Bill of Rights'''. A close ally of [[Thomas Jefferson]], he helped found the Democratic-Republican Party and later led the nation through the '''War of 1812'''.

	== Early Life and Education ==		== Early Life and Education ==

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Early Life and Education

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	== Early Life and Education ==		== Early Life and Education ==
	Born in Port Conway, Virginia, and raised at the family estate Montpelier, Madison studied at the College of New Jersey (Princeton), where he immersed himself in classical languages, history, and political philosophy. Returning to Virginia, he became active in revolutionary politics and constitutional reform.		Born in Port Conway, Virginia, and raised at the family estate '''Montpelier''', Madison studied at the '''College of [[New Jersey]] (Princeton)''', where he immersed himself in classical languages, history, and political philosophy. Returning to [[Virginia]], he became active in revolutionary politics and constitutional reform.

	== Architect of the Constitution and Bill of Rights ==		== Architect of the Constitution and Bill of Rights ==

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Architect of the Constitution and Bill of Rights

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	== Architect of the Constitution and Bill of Rights ==		== Architect of the Constitution and Bill of Rights ==
	At the Philadelphia Convention (1787), Madison played a central role, drafting the Virginia Plan and arguing for a stronger federal government. With [[Alexander Hamilton]] and [[John Jay]], he co-authored ''The Federalist Papers''. In the First Congress, Madison introduced the amendments that became the Bill of Rights (1791).		At the '''Philadelphia Convention (1787)''', Madison played a central role, drafting the '''Virginia Plan''' and arguing for a stronger federal government. With [[Alexander Hamilton]] and John Jay, he co-authored ''The Federalist Papers''. In the First Congress, Madison introduced the amendments that became the '''Bill of Rights''' (1791).

	== Secretary of State (1801–1809) ==		== Secretary of State (1801–1809) ==

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Secretary of State (1801–1809)

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	== Secretary of State (1801–1809) ==		== Secretary of State (1801–1809) ==
	Serving under President Jefferson, Madison managed diplomacy during a turbulent era, including fallout from the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and European wars. He supported commercial restrictions like the Embargo Act and its successors in response to British and French interference with American trade.		Serving under President Jefferson, Madison managed diplomacy during a turbulent era, including fallout from the '''Louisiana Purchase (1803)''' and European wars. He supported commercial restrictions like the '''Embargo Act''' and its successors in response to British and French interference with American trade.

	== Presidency (1809–1817) ==		== Presidency (1809–1817) ==

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Presidency (1809–1817)

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	== Presidency (1809–1817) ==		== Presidency (1809–1817) ==
	Madison’s two terms were dominated by maritime disputes and frontier tensions that culminated in the War of 1812 against Britain. Key points:		Madison’s two terms were dominated by maritime disputes and frontier tensions that culminated in the '''War of 1812''' against Britain. Key points:
	* Causes of war: British impressment of U.S. sailors, interference with neutral trade, and British support for Native resistance in the Northwest.		* '''Causes of war:''' British '''impressment''' of U.S. sailors, interference with neutral trade, and British support for Native resistance in the Northwest.
	* Conflict and crisis: Early U.S. setbacks gave way to notable victories (e.g., Lake Erie, New Orleans). In 1814, British forces burned Washington, D.C., including the White House and Capitol; First Lady Dolley Madison became famed for rescuing valuable artifacts.		* '''Conflict and crisis:''' Early U.S. setbacks gave way to notable victories (e.g., '''Lake Erie''', '''New Orleans'''). In 1814, British forces burned '''Washington, D.C.''', including the White House and Capitol; First Lady '''Dolley Madison''' became famed for rescuing valuable artifacts.
	* Peace and aftermath: The Treaty of Ghent (1814) ended hostilities; a surge of postwar nationalism followed. Madison supported key nation-building measures, including the Second Bank of the United States (1816) and the Tariff of 1816, though he vetoed the Bonus Bill on constitutional grounds regarding internal improvements.		* '''Peace and aftermath:''' The '''Treaty of Ghent (1814)''' ended hostilities; a surge of postwar nationalism followed. Madison supported key nation-building measures, including the '''Second Bank of the United States (1816)''' and the '''Tariff of 1816''', though he vetoed the '''Bonus Bill''' on constitutional grounds regarding internal improvements.

	== Later Life and Legacy ==		== Later Life and Legacy ==

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Later Life and Legacy

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	== Later Life and Legacy ==		== Later Life and Legacy ==
	Retiring to Montpelier, Madison advised younger statesmen, helped found the University of Virginia with Jefferson, and corresponded widely on constitutional matters. Remembered as the “Father of the Constitution,” he balanced commitments to federal power with protections for individual rights, leaving a lasting imprint on American governance.		Retiring to Montpelier, Madison advised younger statesmen, helped found the '''University of Virginia''' with Jefferson, and corresponded widely on constitutional matters. Remembered as the “'''Father of the Constitution''',” he balanced commitments to federal power with protections for individual rights, leaving a lasting imprint on American governance.

	== See also ==		== See also ==

Truthseeker: Created page with "{{Infobox US president | name = James Madison | image = James Madison Presidential Portrait.jpg | order = 4th | office = President of the United States | vicepresident = George Clinton (1809–1812)
Elbridge Gerry (1813–1814; died in office) | term_start = March 4, 1809 | term_end = March 4, 1817 | predecessor = Thomas Jefferson | successor = James Monroe | birth_date = {{Birth date|1751|3|16}} | birth_place = Port Conway, Virginia, United States | d..."

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Created page with "{{Infobox US president | name = James Madison | image = James Madison Presidential Portrait.jpg | order = 4th | office = President of the United States | vicepresident = George Clinton (1809–1812)<br>Elbridge Gerry (1813–1814; died in office) | term_start = March 4, 1809 | term_end = March 4, 1817 | predecessor = Thomas Jefferson | successor = James Monroe | birth_date = {{Birth date|1751|3|16}} | birth_place = Port Conway, Virginia, United States | d..."

New page

{{Infobox US president
| name = James Madison
| image = James Madison Presidential Portrait.jpg
| order = 4th
| office = President of the United States
| vicepresident = [[George Clinton]] (1809–1812)<br>[[Elbridge Gerry]] (1813–1814; died in office)
| term_start = March 4, 1809
| term_end = March 4, 1817
| predecessor = [[Thomas Jefferson]]
| successor = [[James Monroe]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1751|3|16}}
| birth_place = Port Conway, Virginia, United States
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1836|6|28|1751|3|16}}
| death_place = Montpelier, Orange County, Virginia, United States
| political_party = Democratic-Republican
| spouse = [[Dolley Madison]] (m. 1794–1836)
| children = None (step-son John Payne Todd)
| profession = Political theorist, statesman, planter
| alma_mater = College of New Jersey (now Princeton University)
| signature = James Madison Signature.svg
}}

'''James Madison Jr.''' (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836) was the **4th president of the United States** (1809–1817), principal architect of the **U.S. Constitution**, and driving force behind the **Bill of Rights**. A close ally of [[Thomas Jefferson]], he helped found the Democratic-Republican Party and later led the nation through the **War of 1812**.

== Early Life and Education ==
Born in Port Conway, Virginia, and raised at the family estate **Montpelier**, Madison studied at the **College of New Jersey (Princeton)**, where he immersed himself in classical languages, history, and political philosophy. Returning to Virginia, he became active in revolutionary politics and constitutional reform.

== Architect of the Constitution and Bill of Rights ==
At the **Philadelphia Convention (1787)**, Madison played a central role, drafting the **Virginia Plan** and arguing for a stronger federal government. With [[Alexander Hamilton]] and [[John Jay]], he co-authored ''The Federalist Papers''. In the First Congress, Madison introduced the amendments that became the **Bill of Rights** (1791).

== Secretary of State (1801–1809) ==
Serving under President Jefferson, Madison managed diplomacy during a turbulent era, including fallout from the **Louisiana Purchase (1803)** and European wars. He supported commercial restrictions like the **Embargo Act** and its successors in response to British and French interference with American trade.

== Presidency (1809–1817) ==
Madison’s two terms were dominated by maritime disputes and frontier tensions that culminated in the **War of 1812** against Britain. Key points:
* **Causes of war:** British **impressment** of U.S. sailors, interference with neutral trade, and British support for Native resistance in the Northwest.
* **Conflict and crisis:** Early U.S. setbacks gave way to notable victories (e.g., **Lake Erie**, **New Orleans**). In 1814, British forces burned **Washington, D.C.**, including the White House and Capitol; First Lady **Dolley Madison** became famed for rescuing valuable artifacts.
* **Peace and aftermath:** The **Treaty of Ghent (1814)** ended hostilities; a surge of postwar nationalism followed. Madison supported key nation-building measures, including the **Second Bank of the United States (1816)** and the **Tariff of 1816**, though he vetoed the **Bonus Bill** on constitutional grounds regarding internal improvements.

== Later Life and Legacy ==
Retiring to Montpelier, Madison advised younger statesmen, helped found the **University of Virginia** with Jefferson, and corresponded widely on constitutional matters. Remembered as the “**Father of the Constitution**,” he balanced commitments to federal power with protections for individual rights, leaving a lasting imprint on American governance.

== See also ==
* [[United States Constitution]]
* [[Bill of Rights]]
* [[War of 1812]]
* [[Treaty of Ghent]]
* [[Dolley Madison]]
* [[Presidency of James Madison]]

[[Category:Presidents of the United States]]
[[Category:Democratic-Republican Party politicians]]
[[Category:People from Virginia]]
[[Category:Princeton University alumni]]
[[Category:1751 births]]
[[Category:1836 deaths]]