| Juneteenth | |
|---|---|
| Observed by | United States |
| Type | Federal holiday |
| Date | June 19 |
| Scheduling | Same day each year |
| Frequency | Annual |
| Duration | 1 day |
| Celebrates | Emancipation of enslaved African Americans |
Juneteenth, also known as Freedom Day, Emancipation Day, and Juneteenth Independence Day, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the **end of slavery** in the United States.
It is observed on June 19 each year, marking the day in **1865** when enslaved people in **Galveston, Texas** were informed of their freedom — over two years after the **Emancipation Proclamation** had been issued.
Historical Background
- The Emancipation Proclamation was signed by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863
- However, enforcement was slow and uneven across Confederate states
- On June 19, 1865, Union General Gordon Granger arrived in Galveston and announced that all enslaved people were free
Federal Recognition
- Juneteenth was long celebrated in African American communities across the South
- It became a Texas state holiday in 1980
- On June 17, 2021, President Joe Biden signed the bill making Juneteenth the 11th official U.S. federal holiday
Traditions and Celebrations
Juneteenth is celebrated with:
- Parades and festivals
- Public readings of the Emancipation Proclamation
- Educational events and historical reenactments
- Family gatherings and cookouts
- The display of the Juneteenth flag (red, white, and blue with a starburst)
Cultural Significance
Juneteenth has become a day to:
- Reflect on African American history and culture
- Celebrate freedom, resilience, and progress
- Acknowledge the legacy and lasting impact of slavery and systemic racism
Fun Facts
- The name “Juneteenth” combines June and nineteenth
- Red foods like watermelon and strawberry soda are often served — symbolizing strength and sacrifice
- The U.S. Army now officially observes Juneteenth across all installations