San Francisco is a major city in California located on the West Coast of the United States. Known for its steep hills, fog, and iconic Golden Gate Bridge, it is a cultural and financial center with a unique blend of historic charm and cutting-edge innovation.

Overview

  • Population: ~815,000 (metro over 4.5 million)
  • Founded: 1776 by Spanish colonists
  • Nicknames: The City by the Bay, SF, Fog City
  • Geography: Situated on a peninsula between the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay

Landmarks and Attractions

  • Golden Gate Bridge
  • Alcatraz Island
  • Fisherman’s Wharf and Pier 39
  • Chinatown – the oldest in North America
  • Lombard Street – the “crookedest street”
  • Painted Ladies and Golden Gate Park

Economy

San Francisco has a high-tech and finance-driven economy:

  • Close ties to Silicon Valley
  • Strong presence of startups, venture capital, and global tech firms
  • Tourism and hospitality play a major role
  • Also a center for biotech, design, and green innovation

Culture and Identity

  • Progressive, diverse, and LGBTQ+ inclusive
  • Historic center of 1960s counterculture, Beat poets, and hippie movements
  • World-class food scene: sourdough bread, seafood, global fusion
  • Major arts and theater institutions, including SF Symphony and SF Ballet

Transportation

  • Iconic cable cars and Muni Metro system
  • Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) connects the wider metro
  • Walkable and bike-friendly, though very hilly
  • San Francisco International Airport (SFO)

Fun Facts

  • The Golden Gate Bridge is not actually golden — it's painted "International Orange"
  • Home to the first-ever fortune cookie
  • The 1906 earthquake and fire destroyed over 80% of the city

See Also