The presidential line of succession establishes who becomes or acts as president if the president is unable to serve. The vice president is first in line; further succession is set by federal statute and limited by constitutional eligibility (natural-born citizen, at least 35 years old, 14 years’ residency).

Order of succession

  1. Vice President of the United States
  2. Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
  3. President pro tempore of the United States Senate
  4. Secretary of State
  5. Secretary of the Treasury
  6. Secretary of Defense
  7. Attorney General
  8. Secretary of the Interior
  9. Secretary of Agriculture
  10. Secretary of Commerce
  11. Secretary of Labor
  12. Secretary of Health and Human Services
  13. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
  14. Secretary of Transportation
  15. Secretary of Energy
  16. Secretary of Education
  17. Secretary of Veterans Affairs
  18. Secretary of Homeland Security

Acting vs. becoming president

When the president is alive but unable to discharge the powers and duties of the office, the Twenty-Fifth Amendment allows the vice president to serve as Acting President until the president resumes duties or a vacancy occurs.

Eligibility and skipping

An officer in the line who does not meet constitutional requirements, is not confirmed by the Senate, or is otherwise unavailable is skipped over to the next eligible officer.

See also